Millions in South East hear sonic boom as RAF Typhoon intercepts jet

A private jet which was intercepted by an RAF Typhoon that sparked a sonic boom today was seen parked on the tarmac at Stansted Airport this afternoon. 

Millions of residents across Hertfordshire, Essex, Kent, Cambridge and north and south London reported hearing an ‘explosion’ shortly after 1pm today.  

The Ministry of Defence confirmed that an RAF Typhoon Quick Reaction Alert jet was scrambled from RAF Coningsby in Lincolnshire and broke the sound barrier at around 700mph over Peterborough.

The jet intercepted a private Bombardier Learjet travelling from Germany which had lost communications with air traffic control, and escorted it to Stansted Airport at 1.40pm – where it remained parked this afternoon.

The plane, which is a Bombardier Global Express D-AFAL, is available for ‘VIP’ hire and can carry up to 12 passengers and two pilots – or three for long-haul flights – as well as one cabin attendant. 

On its website, the 48ft custom-painted plane offers ‘VIP transportation’ and boasts three single beds, two double beds and ultra-fast Wifi in its ‘spacious cabins.’ With Rolls Royce engines, the private jet can reach speeds of 560mph. 

A spokesman for the airport said the ‘private jet’ was believed to have been flying from Germany to Birmingham.

The RAF jets are authorised to go supersonic ‘if necessary’ – which is why the boom was heard.  

The Ministry of Defence confirmed that an RAF Typhoon Quick Reaction Alert jet was launched from RAF Coningsby in Lincolnshire to intercept the private plane, pictured at Stansted

The aircraft had lost communications with air traffic control, before the RAF transported it to Stansted Airport (pictured), where it remained parked this afternoon

The aircraft had lost communications with air traffic control, before the RAF transported it to Stansted Airport (pictured), where it remained parked this afternoon

The the RAF Typhoon Quick Reaction Alert jet was launched from Coningsby in Linconlnshire

The the RAF Typhoon Quick Reaction Alert jet was launched from Coningsby in Linconlnshire

The two Typhoons were launched from Coningsby to intercept a private jet that had lost communications with air traffic control

The two Typhoons were launched from Coningsby to intercept a private jet that had lost communications with air traffic control 

The plane, a Bombardier Global Express D-AFAL, is available for 'VIP' hire and can carry up to 12 passengers and two pilots - or three for long-haul flights, as well as one cabin attendant

The plane, a Bombardier Global Express D-AFAL, is available for ‘VIP’ hire and can carry up to 12 passengers and two pilots – or three for long-haul flights, as well as one cabin attendant

Residents across Hertfordshire, Essex, Kent, Cambridge, north and south London reported hearing an 'explosion' shortly after 1pm today

Residents across Hertfordshire, Essex, Kent, Cambridge, north and south London reported hearing an ‘explosion’ shortly after 1pm today

The RAF's (QRA) aircraft are held at immediate readiness to protect the UK and can take off within minutes

The RAF’s (QRA) aircraft are held at immediate readiness to protect the UK and can take off within minutes

What is a Quick Reaction Alert? 

Quick Reaction Alert QRA is a routine part of the RAF’s air defence role to protect UK airspace.

The RAF’s (QRA) aircraft are held at immediate readiness to protect the United Kingdom and can take off within minutes.

QRA are launched to intercept unidentified aircraft because the aircraft cannot be identified by any other means. i.e. the aircraft is not talking to civilian or military Air Traffic Control, has not filed a flight plan and / or is not transmitting a recognisable secondary surveillance radar code.

Multi-role Typhoon fighter squadrons are completing QRA duties from RAF Coningsby (Lincolnshire), RAF Lossiemouth (Scotland) and in the Falkland Islands.

 In the UK, under the direction of Air Battlespace Controllers at RAF Boulmer (Northumberland) and RAF Scampton (Lincolnshire), fighters can be scrambled to intercept, identify and, if required, intervene aircraft approaching our shores. 

Source: RAF 

Flight-tracking data suggests the RAF jet could have hit speeds of 700mph while flying at an altitude of 39,000ft. 

The speed of sound varies is about 770mph at sea level, but slower at higher altitudes. 

A plane flying at 30,000ft would reach the speed of sound at about 675mph, according to NASA’s educational website.

An RAF spokesman told MailOnline: ‘The RAF can confirm Quick Reaction Alert Typhoon aircraft were launched this afternoon from RAF Coningsby to intercept a civilian aircraft that had lost communications; subsequently, communications were re-established, the aircraft was intercepted and safely escorted to Stansted. 

‘The Typhoon aircraft were authorised to transit at supersonic speed for operational reasons.’ 

QRA procedures entail RAF aircraft and crews being held at continuous high readiness 24/7, so that they can take off within minutes to protect UK and NATO sovereign airspace. 

In the UK and the FI the RAF hold a continuous ground readiness posture.  

The jet was escorted safely into Stansted Airport by 2pm.

TV presenter Rylan Clark-Neal tweeted: ‘Wish I’d checked Twitter before I decided to single handedly, automatic wine opener in hand inspect upstairs thinking a flying burglar had broken into my loft that was bloody loud.’ 

The bang was heard this afternoon, setting off car alarms and shaking windows. 

It was also captured on CCTV cameras across the South Coast. 

Depending on the aircraft’s altitude, a sonic boom will be heard at ground level two to 60 seconds after it breaks the speed of sound.

The distance from which the boom can be heard is approximately one mile per 1,000 feet of altitude.

A supersonic aircraft travelling at an altitude of 30,000ft would cause a lateral boom of about 30 miles.

The RAF Typhoon fighter escorted the jet to Stansted Airport, Essex, after it lost communications

The RAF Typhoon fighter escorted the jet to Stansted Airport, Essex, after it lost communications

The plane is safely on the runway at Stansted after the scramble in the skies this afternoon

The plane is safely on the runway at Stansted after the scramble in the skies this afternoon 

The jets were authorised to fly supersonic, which is why the boom was heard for several miles

The jets were authorised to fly supersonic, which is why the boom was heard for several miles 

The plane, a Bombardier Global Express D-AFAL, is available for 'VIP' hire and can carry up to 12 passengers and two pilots - or three for long-haul flights, as well as one cabin attendant

The plane, a Bombardier Global Express D-AFAL, is available for ‘VIP’ hire and can carry up to 12 passengers and two pilots – or three for long-haul flights, as well as one cabin attendant

On its website, the 48-ft custom-painted plane offers 'VIP transportation' and boasts three single beds, two double beds and ultra-fast Wifi in its 'spacious cabins'

On its website, the 48-ft custom-painted plane offers ‘VIP transportation’ and boasts three single beds, two double beds and ultra-fast Wifi in its ‘spacious cabins’

It is not known who had hired the Bombardier Learjet which lost contact with air traffic control

It is not known who had hired the Bombardier Learjet which lost contact with air traffic control

With Rolls Royce engines, the private jet can reach speeds of 900km/h

With Rolls Royce engines, the private jet can reach speeds of 900km/h

Cambridgeshire Police also been receiving calls from members of the public who were startled after the loud sonic boom rattled windows and doors.

A spokesman for the force said: ‘We have received numerous calls from the public with reports of a ‘sonic boom’ between Huntingdon and Cambridge.

‘It is believed this was the result of aeroplanes flying overhead.

‘Nobody has been injured. Some callers reported the incident had ‘shaken’ properties, but no major damage is thought to have occurred.’

What is a sonic boom? 

A sonic boom is a thunder-like noise a person on the ground hears when an aircraft or other type of aerospace vehicle flies overhead faster than the speed of sound, or ‘supersonic.’

Air reacts like fluid to supersonic objects. As those objects travel through the air, molecules are pushed aside with great force and this forms a shock wave, much like a boat creates a wake in water. The bigger and heavier the aircraft, the more air it displaces.  

The shock wave forms a ‘cone’ of pressurized or built-up air molecules, which move outward and rearward in all directions and extend all the way to the ground. 

As this cone spreads across the landscape along the flight path, it creates a continu­ous sonic boom along the full width of the cone’s base. The sharp release of pressure, after the buildup by the shock wave, is heard as the sonic boom.

The change in air pressure associated with a sonic boom is only a few pounds per square foot – about the same pressure change experienced riding an elevator down two or three floors. 

It is the rate of change, the sudden changing of the pressure, which makes the sonic boom audible. 

Source: NASA