Number of UK coronavirus cases soars to 456

The number of coronavirus cases in Britain today soared to 456 after health chiefs announced the biggest daily jump in cases since the killer infection hit the UK. 

Eighty-three more patients have been struck down by the deadly infection, meaning the outbreak in the UK has risen five-fold in the space of a week – just 85 cases had been confirmed last Wednesday. 

Fears are mounting that the worsening crisis in the UK is mirroring that of Italy, where 60million people have been placed in lockdown to contain the escalating outbreak.

Schools could be closed, thousands of NHS operations cancelled and troops deployed on streets if the outbreak escalates, under a drastic ‘battle plan’ laid out by Number 10.

Chancellor Rishi Sunak today unveiled a massive £30billion plan to try and contain the crisis, while insisting the government will do ‘everything it can’ to keep the country ‘healthy and financially secure’. 

Senior health officials said yesterday the peak of coronavirus in the UK is expected within the next fortnight and warned that thousands more will be infected now the virus is rapidly spreading on British soil. 

The infection is now transmitting between humans in 30 countries across Europe, including Spain, Germany and France – popular Easter holiday destinations for thousands of Brits looking to jet abroad. 

The number of UK coronavirus cases has soared to 456. Pictured, people wear face masks to protect themselves in London

The number of UK coronavirus cases has soared to 456. Pictured, people wear face masks to protect themselves in London

In other developments to the escalating coronavirus crisis today:

  • The Bank of England made an emergency cut in interest rate from 0.75 per cent to 0.25 per cent ahead of the budget to battle coronavirus – sending FTSE 100 to a 2 per cent rise; 
  • A British woman died of coronavirus in Indonesia after picking up the virus elsewhere, becoming the country’s first death in the epidemic;
  • Boris Johnson is not being tested for coronavirus despite being at a reception with infected health minister Nadine Dorries;
  • People travelling back to the UK from coronavirus-hit Italy say the Government is doing next to nothing to protect against them spreading the virus in Britain;
  • GPs are using cooking aprons to see coronavirus patients because they don’t have the correct protective equipment, it has been claimed;
  • GPs have been told to perform coronavirus tests on any patient with flu-like symptoms if they need to be admitted to hospital, regardless of travel history;
  • More than 235,000 people are today calling on the government to close schools across the UK in amid coronavirus fears;
  • Hundreds of thousands of care home residents could be ‘cocooned’ to keep them safe from coronavirus, health bosses say;
  • Looting thieves have stolen toilet rolls from a petting farm and sanitiser from hospitals amid the coronavirus panic;
  • NHS England is ramping up its coronavirus testing capacity so 10,000 swabs can be done a day as it braces for an explosion of cases;
  • Premier League matches will go ahead this weekend despite coronavirus cancelling tonight’s Man City v Arsenal game after ‘number’ of Gunners team met a Greek football boss who later tested positive;
  • Some 135 Britons will land in the UK this evening after leaving the Grand Princess cruise ship – but they will not be formally quarantined and have been asked only to self-isolate in their own homes;
  • The outbreak may have put plans for Princess Beatrice’s wedding in jeopardy amid fears friends and family of her fiance Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi will be unable to jet in from their homes in Italy;
  • Iran reported 63 new deaths from the coronavirus in the past 24 hours, the highest single-day toll since it announced the first fatalities from the outbreak;
  • Poland has closed all schools, museums and cinemas, while Ukraine’s capital city Kiev will shut all educational buildings due to fears of coronavirus spreading;
  • A passenger was arrested for licking his hand and wiping it on a handrail on the Belgian subway, forcing the train to be taken off service and disinfected;
  • A conference to discuss the impact of coronavirus on business in the US was cancelled – because of a sudden rise in infections in New York;
Unveiling his crucial first Budget, the Chancellor insisted his plans will ensure the UK is 'one of the best placed economies in the world' to cope with the impact of the disease

Unveiling his crucial first Budget, the Chancellor insisted his plans will ensure the UK is ‘one of the best placed economies in the world’ to cope with the impact of the disease

Mr Sunak said the government was doing 'everything it can' to keep the country 'healthy and financially secure'

Mr Sunak said the government was doing ‘everything it can’ to keep the country ‘healthy and financially secure’

Mr Sunak was flanked by the PM and congratulated by colleagues after he finished the statement in the Commons today

Mr Sunak was flanked by the PM and congratulated by colleagues after he finished the statement in the Commons today

Mr Sunak today unveiled a massive £30billion plan to stop coronavirus plunging Britain into Italy-style chaos.

Delivering his crucial first Budget, the Chancellor admitted people were ‘worried’ and the killer disease will inevitably have a major impact on the economy. 

The NHS and other public services will get a £5billion emergency response fund, with Mr Sunak vowing he ‘will go further if necessary’.

In a huge £2billion bailout, ministers are footing the sick pay bill for up to two million small and medium sized businesses, covering the 14 days of a quarantine period.  

In a stirring message to the country on the coronavirus threat, Mr Sunak said: ‘We will get through this together.

‘The British people may be worried but they are not daunted… this virus is the key challenge facing our country today.’

The Chancellor added: ‘It’s going to be tough but I’m confident that our economic performance will recover.’

The Budget comes in the shadow of mounting global turmoil over coronavirus, with Italy effectively in lockdown and the risk that the situation could spiral in the rest of Europe. 

The Bank of England this morning slashed its key interest rate by half a per cent to 0.25 per cent.

The crisis was dramatically brought home to politicians overnight as health minister Nadine Dorries became the first MP to test positive, days after attending a reception at No10 with Boris Johnson.

Some are thought to have stayed away from the set-piece today amid fears of contagion in the packed chamber. 

However, the PM has insisted he does not need to be tested as he has no symptoms, and was not within two metres of his minister at the reception. 

This is Nadine Dorries’ office in Westminster today in a photo taken by the Guido Fawkes blog as it emerged the Health minister has tested positive for coronavirus and one of her staff has also ‘gone down’ with it

MailOnline has pieced together Ms Dorries’ movements in the 14 days period before she fell ill – and the events that have followed her diagnosis yesterday, which saw her office sealed and a member of her staff also ill 

Boris Johnson speaks at an International Women's Day event in No 10 last Thursday, which was attended by Ms Dorries. The PM says he did not go near her that day. The event was attended by his partner Carrie, minister Liz Truss (in red next to the podium) and Olympian Kelly Holmes (pictured in a black suit two places to Ms Truss' left)

Boris Johnson speaks at an International Women’s Day event in No 10 last Thursday, which was attended by Ms Dorries. The PM says he did not go near her that day. The event was attended by his partner Carrie, minister Liz Truss (in red next to the podium) and Olympian Kelly Holmes (pictured in a black suit two places to Ms Truss’ left)

March 4: Nadine was last on the floor of the Commons last Wednesday and is likely to have been carrying coronavirus then and didn't know it

March 4: Nadine was last on the floor of the Commons last Wednesday and is likely to have been carrying coronavirus then and didn’t know it

Ms Dorries (circled) was surrounded by MPs a week ago today - but while MailOnline understands the Commons is cleaned daily it has not had a so-called deep clean

Ms Dorries (circled) was surrounded by MPs a week ago today – but while MailOnline understands the Commons is cleaned daily it has not had a so-called deep clean

There are growing calls for the PM to be tested after he was with Ms Dorries (pictured together last year) in No 10 for an International Women's Day event also attended by Carrie Symonds

There are growing calls for the PM to be tested after he was with Ms Dorries (pictured together last year) in No 10 for an International Women’s Day event also attended by Carrie Symonds

Labour's Rachael Maskell revealed she has called 111 and was advised to self-isolate after a meeting with Ms Dorries, whose title is Minister for Patient Safety, Suicide Prevention and Mental Health

Labour’s Rachael Maskell revealed she has called 111 and was advised to self-isolate after a meeting with Ms Dorries, whose title is Minister for Patient Safety, Suicide Prevention and Mental Health

Ms Dorries has messaged Tory MPs (her WhatsApp is pictured) urging them to come forward if they believe they bumped into her or sat near her at Parliament

Ms Dorries has messaged Tory MPs (her WhatsApp is pictured) urging them to come forward if they believe they bumped into her or sat near her at Parliament

TWO PARLIAMENT OFFICES SEALED OFF AFTER HEALTH MINISTER NADINE DORRIES GETS THE CORONAVIRUS

Health minister Nadine Dorries’ coronavirus diagnosis has caused chaos in Parliament today as her two offices were sealed off and one of her staff fell ill, MailOnline can reveal.

Ms Dorries, 62, who began feeling ill on Friday, has said one of her office workers has ‘gone down’ with the killer illness and the Tory MP is now in self-isolation for the next fortnight at home in Gloucestershire.

This morning she came to the bay window at the front of the sprawling house in the village of Dumbleton and told MailOnline: ‘I am Nadine Dorries but don’t come too close, I’ve got the coronavirus. I’m self isolating.’ 

Over the weekend she experienced the ‘classic symptoms’ of the disease – a dry cough, high temperature and ‘vice-like’ pain in her chest – and tested positive yesterday. 

Labour’s Rachael Maskell met Ms Dorries, who is Minister for Patient Safety, Suicide Prevention and Mental Health, today became the first MP to self-isolate for 14 days after she had a meeting with Ms Dorries last Thursday. 

Ms Dorries’ symptoms began on March 6, however, the 14-day incubation period means she could have been first exposed to coronavirus on February 21 and met hundreds of people at meetings in Westminster and in her constituency before she felt poorly. 

Today her parliamentary office in the Norman Shaw North building close to Whitehall and her ministerial office in the Palace of Westminster are both sealed off – as are some corridors leading to them – after the MP and a member of staff fell ill with the virus that has killed six so far in Britain and 4,300 globally. 

There is now a mad scramble in Westminster to trace her movements and find who she met or came close to since late February – but Ms Dorries has admitted she is struggling to remember herself. She is a regular in the Commons tea room, library and is a known user of the Portcullis House canteen used by all staff based at Parliament.

The Conservative MP for Mid-Bedfordshire sent a message to the Tory MP WhatsApp group this morning asking them to come forward if they were near her in Parliament because it is ‘hard to remember everyone’.  She told colleagues: ‘My staff member has gone down with it too. I haven’t yet given a list to the contact tracers. If you sat next to me in the tea room or library etc please let me know’.  

Ms Dorries’ coronavirus diagnosis has caused chaos in Parliament today as her two offices were sealed off and one of her staff fell ill, MailOnline can reveal.

Ms Dorries, 62, who began feeling ill on Friday, has said one of her office workers has ‘gone down’ with the killer illness and the Tory MP is now in self-isolation for the next fortnight at home in Gloucestershire. 

This morning she came to the bay window at the front of the sprawling house in the village of Dumbleton and told MailOnline: ‘I am Nadine Dorries but don’t come too close, I’ve got the coronavirus. I’m self isolating.’

Over the weekend she experienced the ‘classic symptoms’ of the disease – a dry cough, high temperature and ‘vice-like’ pain in her chest – and tested positive yesterday.

Labour’s Rachael Maskell met Ms Dorries, who is Minister for Patient Safety, Suicide Prevention and Mental Health, today became the first MP to self-isolate for 14 days after she had a meeting with Ms Dorries last Thursday.

Ms Dorries’ symptoms began on March 6, however, the 14-day incubation period means she could have been first exposed to coronavirus on February 21 and met hundreds of people.

Today her parliamentary office in the Norman Shaw North building close to Whitehall and her ministerial office in the Palace of Westminster are both sealed off – as are some corridors leading to them – after the MP and a member of staff fell ill with the virus that has killed six so far in Britain and 4,300 globally.

There is now a mad scramble in Westminster to trace her movements and find who she met or came close to since late February – but Ms Dorries has admitted she is struggling to remember herself. She is a regular in the Commons tea room, library and is a known user of the Portcullis House canteen used by all staff based at Parliament.

The Conservative MP for Mid-Bedfordshire sent a message to the Tory MP WhatsApp group this morning asking them to come forward if they were near her in Parliament because it is ‘hard to remember everyone’. She told colleagues: ‘My staff member has gone down with it too. I haven’t yet given a list to the contact tracers. If you sat next to me in the tea room or library etc please let me know’.

Senior Government ministers could be tested for coronavirus and she was with the Prime Minister at a Downing Street reception to mark International Women’s Day last Thursday, which was also attended by Secretary of State for International Trade Liz Truss.

Boris Johnson’s spokesman today said he will not be tested because he is not exhibiting symptoms and did not come into close contact with her that night. But it is not known fellow Department of Health ministers, including Health Secretary Matt Hancock, will be tested. As a junior minister she does not attend cabinet or Cobra meetings.

Ms Dorries appeared at the despatch box in the Commons last Wednesday but while the Commons is cleaned every day it has not had a deep clean ahead of today’s budget. The chamber was quite full but there were a few gaps on one of the biggest days in the British political calendar.

Today it emerged that Parliament could could sit with skeleton staff and just 100 MPs in the Commons to avoid spreading coronavirus if the crisis gets worse.

But a UK parliament spokesman said this morning ‘there are no plans to suspend Parliament’. Westminster staff were busy installing 300-plus hand sanitizer dispensers this afternoon.

PIERS MORGAN: Coronavirus has declared war on the world – so we must all stop our selfish whining and remember that you can’t fight – and win – wars without making some sacrifices

This is war.

Make no mistake, for my generation, the COVID-19 coronavirus is the biggest threat to civilian life that we will have experienced since World War 2.

The disease has smashed its way out of China, where it started, and begun to wreak deadly havoc all over the globe.

And it represents a particularly dangerous enemy because we still don’t know exactly what we’re dealing with, or how bad things are going to get.

But what we DO know from what has been happening in China, South Korea, Iran and now Italy is that it has the potential to be utterly devastating.

And unlike a traditional foe, this is not something we can ‘defy’ with conventional weapons.

It’s a virus, so if you come into contact with it, then it doesn’t matter how big or tough you are, you will get infected.

In fact, it’s estimated that 80 percent of the entire planet may end up being infected by this coronavirus.

Coronavirus patients lie face-down on their hospital beds as they are treated by medical staff in protective suits in Cremona, northern Italy. Research has suggested that lying face-down may improve survival chances in intensive care

Coronavirus patients lie face-down on their hospital beds as they are treated by medical staff in protective suits in Cremona, northern Italy. Research has suggested that lying face-down may improve survival chances in intensive care 

Most, especially the very young and healthy, should emerge relatively unscathed.

But for older people, and those with underlying health issues, COVID-19 is a very serious virus.

For a whole country as big as Italy to be completely locked down is unprecedented, yet the statistics that led to it explain why the Italian government has taken such dramatic steps.

More than 10,000 Italians have tested positive for the virus, of whom 631 have died.

This represents a mortality rate of over six percent, which is six times higher than normal flu.

And the rate of infection, and deaths, in Italy has been terrifyingly fast.

Just two weeks ago, it had just a few dozen cases.

Now, all 60 million people in Italy are in quarantine, cut off from the rest of the world.

As one leading Italian scientist said last night: ‘It’s like a massive bomb suddenly exploded.’

A patient is loaded into an ambulance Tuesday at the Life Care Center in Kirkland, Washington. The nursing home is at the center of the outbreak of the coronavirus in Washington state

A patient is loaded into an ambulance Tuesday at the Life Care Center in Kirkland, Washington. The nursing home is at the center of the outbreak of the coronavirus in Washington state

Experts now fear that bomb is heading to many other places, including the US and the UK, which are both on virtually identical infection rate trajectories as Italy.

The governments of both countries have so far resisted doing much more than tell people to wash their hands (this is good advice) and slash interest rates to prop up collapsing economies.

President Trump and Prime Minister Boris Johnson seem determined to hang on as long as possible before taking the kind of draconian action Italy has taken, for reasons that frankly bemuse and concern me.

What more do they need to see happen before they realize the scale of this threat and the vital need to get ahead of it?

It seems insane to me that huge events like the Cheltenham racing festival in Britain have been allowed to go ahead today, meaning 250,000 people will be rubbing up against each other in very close proximity.

How does this make any sense when in Italy, all live sport has been cancelled for a month?

In the States, only now are presidential candidates starting to cancel rallies, but many other large gatherings of the public, including huge sports events, are still happening.

To which I ask: why?

The number of cases and deaths from coronavirus across Europe is seen above in this map

We know from countries like China, albeit very late in their case, and Taiwan (which has had very few cases so far) that the key to reducing the impact of COVID-19 is to ‘flatten the curve’ by postponing the number of cases as long as possible to ensure victims can get the right treatment. The lower the strain on health services, the lower the mortality rate.

The best way to do this is social distancing, keeping infected people away from those who are infected.

Yet at the moment, we’re still gathering in vast numbers for non-essential reasons.

I love sport as much as anyone, but my football team Arsenal has had its Premier League match against Manchester City tonight postponed because the owner of Greek side Olympiakos, who we played 12 days ago, has tested positive for COVID-19.

So why is Cheltenham going ahead given there is an almost certain chance that infected people will be among the crowds?

And why is the British Parliament still in session today given that one of its members has tested positive for coronavirus?

There is no consistency to the coronavirus defence by either government.

It’s like they are sticking their heads in the sand and hoping to dodge a bullet.

But America and Britain won’t dodge a bullet.

The deaths and cases in the U.S. from the deadly disease is shown above

The deaths and cases in the U.S. from the deadly disease is shown above

Both countries have rapidly expanding infection rates, and we know for an absolute cast iron certainty these rates will now massively accelerate very quickly.

So, the cold hard truth is that the coronavirus genie is out of the bottle now and no amount of money can stop it.

And I dread to think what’s going to happen when the US and UK health services suddenly come under the kind of intense pressure currently being seen in Italy, which has a very good health care system but is now crippling at the seams.

I just hope and pray those charged with protecting our health and safety know what they’re doing and making the right decisions.

But there’s one thing we can ALL do and that’s get a collective grip, stop over-reacting and UNDER-reacting – which can even more irresponsible – and adopt a wartime mentality.

That means making sacrifices.

In many ways, we’re the most self-absorbed generation ever to walk the earth despite, or perhaps because, most statistics on things like health, war, poverty, social mobility indicate there’s never been a healthier, safer, more prosperous time to be alive.

This has bred a complacency that is now about to be sorely tested.

To put it bluntly, we’re all going to have stop being so bloody selfish.

I’ve been disgusted to see so many younger people on social media saying things like ‘Stop scare-mongering! It only kills the elderly and sick!’ as if somehow we don’t need to care for the most vulnerable people in our society because we’re alright, Jack.

It’s not about us, the younger (I’m 54, so only just about qualify for this category in coronavirus terms) people who should be OK.

It’s about the very people being so casually and callously dismissed – the elderly and sick.

If Italy’s infection and mortality rates spread to the US and UK, then hundreds of thousands, possibly, god forbid, millions, of people in those groups are going to die.

The virus, as it did in China and Italy, is now spreading exponentially through both countries, mostly silently with many carriers not knowing they’re infected.

There seems little doubt our COVID-19 bombs are about to explode.

So, let’s stop the ‘stop scare-mongering’ bullsh*t.

There are very real reasons to feel extremely concerned about this.

But let’s not panic either.

What is needed now, just as it was in WW2, is calm heads, common-sense behavior and stoicism.

I can understand why people feel the need to stock up on basic essentials, given many of us will inevitably have to self-isolate.

Passengers wearing respiratory masks are seen in Turin in Italy where the whole country has now been locked down

Passengers wearing respiratory masks are seen in Turin in Italy where the whole country has now been locked down

But it is stunningly stupid, and grotesquely selfish, to see so many people still buying up masks in stores, despite being told they make no difference to the risk of infection, and despite being told it may deprive the health workers who need them most from having them.

Just as it is repulsive to hear so many moaning about possibly having to forego their trips to the football, cinema, ski slopes or favorite restaurant for a few weeks or months.

Are your elderly loved ones not worth skipping a movie?

No, we’re all going to have to make sacrifices for a bit.

If that means postponing holidays, missing some sport, or drinking at home rather than the pub, then so be it.

What the hell do you think our grandparents had to do during the war?

It’s time for the kind of Bulldog spirit personified by Winston Churchill (pictured). ‘If you’re going through hell, keep going,’ he urged as the Nazis blitzed allied forces

It’s time for the kind of Bulldog spirit personified by Winston Churchill (pictured). ‘If you’re going through hell, keep going,’ he urged as the Nazis blitzed allied forces

Did they moan and sulk, and throw their pampered little toys out of the pram?

No, they stiffened their lips, cracked on, and put the national interest above their own personal comfort.

I can’t believe we’re still even debating whether to still hold major international sporting events this summer like the European Football Championships and Olympics.

There’s no chance of coronavirus blowing out before then, and it’s hard to imagine anything dumber than inviting people from COVID-19 ravaged countries all over the world to all come together to watch athletes jump over bars or kick a ball.

So, postpone them now and give everyone time to make other plans.

The bottom line is this: life’s going to get rough for a bit, as rough as most of us have known, and a lot of people are going to get seriously ill or die.

But if we come together, act sensibly, put the health of others before our own selfish pursuit of pleasure, and show some gritty resolve, then we will come through it.

It won’t be easy, but it’s the right thing to do.

It’s time for the kind of Bulldog spirit personified by Winston Churchill.

‘If you’re going through hell, keep going,’ he urged as the Nazis blitzed allied forces.

But it’s another of his quotes that seems more pertinent now: ‘Things are not always right because they are hard, but if they are right one must not mind if they are also hard.’

So, stop your bloody whining and do the right thing.

WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT THE CORONAVIRUS?

Someone who is infected with the coronavirus can spread it with just a simple cough or a sneeze, scientists say.

More than 4,000 people with the virus are now confirmed to have died and more than 110,000 have been infected. Here’s what we know so far:

What is the coronavirus? 

A coronavirus is a type of virus which can cause illness in animals and people. Viruses break into cells inside their host and use them to reproduce itself and disrupt the body’s normal functions. Coronaviruses are named after the Latin word ‘corona’, which means crown, because they are encased by a spiked shell which resembles a royal crown.

The coronavirus from Wuhan is one which has never been seen before this outbreak. It has been named SARS-CoV-2 by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. The name stands for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2.

Experts say the bug, which has killed around one in 50 patients since the outbreak began in December, is a ‘sister’ of the SARS illness which hit China in 2002, so has been named after it.

The disease that the virus causes has been named COVID-19, which stands for coronavirus disease 2019.

Dr Helena Maier, from the Pirbright Institute, said: ‘Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that infect a wide range of different species including humans, cattle, pigs, chickens, dogs, cats and wild animals. 

‘Until this new coronavirus was identified, there were only six different coronaviruses known to infect humans. Four of these cause a mild common cold-type illness, but since 2002 there has been the emergence of two new coronaviruses that can infect humans and result in more severe disease (Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronaviruses). 

‘Coronaviruses are known to be able to occasionally jump from one species to another and that is what happened in the case of SARS, MERS and the new coronavirus. The animal origin of the new coronavirus is not yet known.’ 

The first human cases were publicly reported from the Chinese city of Wuhan, where approximately 11million people live, after medics first started publicly reporting infections on December 31.

By January 8, 59 suspected cases had been reported and seven people were in critical condition. Tests were developed for the new virus and recorded cases started to surge.

The first person died that week and, by January 16, two were dead and 41 cases were confirmed. The next day, scientists predicted that 1,700 people had become infected, possibly up to 7,000.

Just a week after that, there had been more than 800 confirmed cases and those same scientists estimated that some 4,000 – possibly 9,700 – were infected in Wuhan alone. By that point, 26 people had died. 

By January 27, more than 2,800 people were confirmed to have been infected, 81 had died, and estimates of the total number of cases ranged from 100,000 to 350,000 in Wuhan alone.

By January 29, the number of deaths had risen to 132 and cases were in excess of 6,000.  

By February 5, there were more than 24,000 cases and 492 deaths.

By February 11, this had risen to more than 43,000 cases and 1,000 deaths. 

A change in the way cases are confirmed on February 13 – doctors decided to start using lung scans as a formal diagnosis, as well as laboratory tests – caused a spike in the number of cases, to more than 60,000 and to 1,369 deaths.

By February 25, around 80,000 people had been infected and some 2,700 had died. February 25 was the first day in the outbreak when fewer cases were diagnosed within China than in the rest of the world. 

Where does the virus come from?

According to scientists, the virus almost certainly came from bats. Coronaviruses in general tend to originate in animals – the similar SARS and MERS viruses are believed to have originated in civet cats and camels, respectively.

The first cases of COVID-19 came from people visiting or working in a live animal market in Wuhan, which has since been closed down for investigation.

Although the market is officially a seafood market, other dead and living animals were being sold there, including wolf cubs, salamanders, snakes, peacocks, porcupines and camel meat. 

A study by the Wuhan Institute of Virology, published in February 2020 in the scientific journal Nature, found that the genetic make-up virus samples found in patients in China is 96 per cent identical to a coronavirus they found in bats.

However, there were not many bats at the market so scientists say it was likely there was an animal which acted as a middle-man, contracting it from a bat before then transmitting it to a human. It has not yet been confirmed what type of animal this was.

Dr Michael Skinner, a virologist at Imperial College London, was not involved with the research but said: ‘The discovery definitely places the origin of nCoV in bats in China.

‘We still do not know whether another species served as an intermediate host to amplify the virus, and possibly even to bring it to the market, nor what species that host might have been.’  

So far the fatalities are quite low. Why are health experts so worried about it? 

Experts say the international community is concerned about the virus because so little is known about it and it appears to be spreading quickly.

It is similar to SARS, which infected 8,000 people and killed nearly 800 in an outbreak in Asia in 2003, in that it is a type of coronavirus which infects humans’ lungs. It is less deadly than SARS, however, which killed around one in 10 people, compared to approximately one in 50 for COVID-19.

Another reason for concern is that nobody has any immunity to the virus because they’ve never encountered it before. This means it may be able to cause more damage than viruses we come across often, like the flu or common cold.

Speaking at a briefing in January, Oxford University professor, Dr Peter Horby, said: ‘Novel viruses can spread much faster through the population than viruses which circulate all the time because we have no immunity to them.

‘Most seasonal flu viruses have a case fatality rate of less than one in 1,000 people. Here we’re talking about a virus where we don’t understand fully the severity spectrum but it’s possible the case fatality rate could be as high as two per cent.’

If the death rate is truly two per cent, that means two out of every 100 patients who get it will die. 

‘My feeling is it’s lower,’ Dr Horby added. ‘We’re probably missing this iceberg of milder cases. But that’s the current circumstance we’re in.

‘Two per cent case fatality rate is comparable to the Spanish Flu pandemic in 1918 so it is a significant concern globally.’

How does the virus spread?

The illness can spread between people just through coughs and sneezes, making it an extremely contagious infection. And it may also spread even before someone has symptoms.

It is believed to travel in the saliva and even through water in the eyes, therefore close contact, kissing, and sharing cutlery or utensils are all risky. 

Originally, people were thought to be catching it from a live animal market in Wuhan city. But cases soon began to emerge in people who had never been there, which forced medics to realise it was spreading from person to person.

There is now evidence that it can spread third hand – to someone from a person who caught it from another person.

What does the virus do to you? What are the symptoms?

Once someone has caught the COVID-19 virus it may take between two and 14 days, or even longer, for them to show any symptoms – but they may still be contagious during this time.

If and when they do become ill, typical signs include a runny nose, a cough, sore throat and a fever (high temperature). The vast majority of patients will recover from these without any issues, and many will need no medical help at all.

In a small group of patients, who seem mainly to be the elderly or those with long-term illnesses, it can lead to pneumonia. Pneumonia is an infection in which the insides of the lungs swell up and fill with fluid. It makes it increasingly difficult to breathe and, if left untreated, can be fatal and suffocate people.

Figures are showing that young children do not seem to be particularly badly affected by the virus, which they say is peculiar considering their susceptibility to flu, but it is not clear why. 

What have genetic tests revealed about the virus? 

Scientists in China have recorded the genetic sequences of around 19 strains of the virus and released them to experts working around the world. 

This allows others to study them, develop tests and potentially look into treating the illness they cause.   

Examinations have revealed the coronavirus did not change much – changing is known as mutating – much during the early stages of its spread.

However, the director-general of China’s Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Gao Fu, said the virus was mutating and adapting as it spread through people.

This means efforts to study the virus and to potentially control it may be made extra difficult because the virus might look different every time scientists analyse it.   

More study may be able to reveal whether the virus first infected a small number of people then change and spread from them, or whether there were various versions of the virus coming from animals which have developed separately.

How dangerous is the virus?  

The virus has a death rate of around two per cent. This is a similar death rate to the Spanish Flu outbreak which, in 1918, went on to kill around 50million people.

Experts have been conflicted since the beginning of the outbreak about whether the true number of people who are infected is significantly higher than the official numbers of recorded cases. Some people are expected to have such mild symptoms that they never even realise they are ill unless they’re tested, so only the more serious cases get discovered, making the death toll seem higher than it really is.

However, an investigation into government surveillance in China said it had found no reason to believe this was true.

Dr Bruce Aylward, a World Health Organization official who went on a mission to China, said there was no evidence that figures were only showing the tip of the iceberg, and said recording appeared to be accurate, Stat News reported.

Can the virus be cured? 

The COVID-19 virus cannot be cured and it is proving difficult to contain.

Antibiotics do not work against viruses, so they are out of the question. Antiviral drugs can work, but the process of understanding a virus then developing and producing drugs to treat it would take years and huge amounts of money.

No vaccine exists for the coronavirus yet and it’s not likely one will be developed in time to be of any use in this outbreak, for similar reasons to the above.

The National Institutes of Health in the US, and Baylor University in Waco, Texas, say they are working on a vaccine based on what they know about coronaviruses in general, using information from the SARS outbreak. But this may take a year or more to develop, according to Pharmaceutical Technology.

Currently, governments and health authorities are working to contain the virus and to care for patients who are sick and stop them infecting other people.

People who catch the illness are being quarantined in hospitals, where their symptoms can be treated and they will be away from the uninfected public.

And airports around the world are putting in place screening measures such as having doctors on-site, taking people’s temperatures to check for fevers and using thermal screening to spot those who might be ill (infection causes a raised temperature).

However, it can take weeks for symptoms to appear, so there is only a small likelihood that patients will be spotted up in an airport.

Is this outbreak an epidemic or a pandemic?   

The outbreak is an epidemic, which is when a disease takes hold of one community such as a country or region. 

Although it has spread to dozens of countries, the outbreak is not yet classed as a pandemic, which is defined by the World Health Organization as the ‘worldwide spread of a new disease’.

The head of WHO’s global infectious hazard preparedness, Dr Sylvie Briand, said: ‘Currently we are not in a pandemic. We are at the phase where it is an epidemic with multiple foci, and we try to extinguish the transmission in each of these foci,’ the Guardian reported.

She said that most cases outside of Hubei had been ‘spillover’ from the epicentre, so the disease wasn’t actually spreading actively around the world.